<HTML><BODY style="word-wrap: break-word; -khtml-nbsp-mode: space; -khtml-line-break: after-white-space; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Español - Portugués</FONT><DIV><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></FONT></DIV><DIV><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Español</FONT></DIV><DIV><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Estimados colegas de China:</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Este fascinante informe de caso es una presentación muy interesante de una forma adquirida del Síndrome de Brugada (SBr). La hipocalemia y la hipercalemia aumentan la corriente transitoria de salida en la fase 1, la corriente de potasio sensible al trifosfato de adenosina, la corriente tardía modificadora de potasio o disminuye las corrientes de entrada: corriente de calcio tipo L, corriente rápida de Na+ al final de la fase 1 del PA pueden acentuar o desenmascarar el supradesnivel del segmento ST, en forma similar al hallado en el SBr, de esta manera produce formas adquiridas (1). Los medicamentos que reducen la corriente de Na+ pueden precipitar el patrón de SBr tipo 1 en el ECG: bloqueantes del canal de Na+ y despolarización de membrana por hipercalemia (3). </FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal GB18030 Bitmap; min-height: 17px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">La hipocalemia aumenta el riesgo de fibrilación auricular paroxística en el SBr (2).</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">La hipercalemia secundaria a la insuficiencia renal crónica puede causar cambios en el ECG simulando SBr (3). Vea nuestro caso en:</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"><A href="http://www.scd-symposium.org/files/Hyperkalemia.ppt">http://www.scd-symposium.org/files/Hyperkalemia.ppt</A></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Síndrome de Infusión de Propofol (PRIS): se caracteriza por asociación de acidosis metabólica, rabdomiólisis, hipercalemia y MSC después de infusiones de propofol en dosis elevadas y a largo plazo y es otra causa de SBr adquirido (4).</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Finalmente la hipercalemia inducida por sobredosis de difenhidramina es otra causa de forma adquirida del SBr (5).</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Referencias</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">1) Shimizu W. Acquired forms of the Brugada syndrome. J Electrocardiol. 2005;38:22-25.</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">2) Notarstefano P, Pratola C, Toselli T, et al. Atrial fibrillation and recurrent ventricular fibrillation during hypokalemia in Brugada syndrome. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2005;28:1350-1353. </FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">3) Ortega-Carnicer J, Benezet J, Ruiz-Lorenzo F, Alcazar R. Transient Brugada-type electrocardiographic abnormalities in renal failure reversed by dialysis. Resuscitation. 2002;55:215-219</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">4) Vernooy K, Delhaas T, Cremer OL,.Electrocardiographic changes predicting sudden death in propofol-related infusion syndrome. Heart Rhythm. 2006;3:131-137</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">5) Lopez-Barbeito B, Lluis M, Delgado V, et al. Diphenhydramine overdose and Brugada sign. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2005;28:730-732. </FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal GB18030 Bitmap; min-height: 17px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Saludos,</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Andrés Ricardo Pérez Riera</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Chief of Electro-Vectocardiology Sector of the Discipline of Cardiology, ABC Faculty of Medicine (FMABC), Foundation of ABC (FUABC) - Santo André - Sao Paulo - Brazil. Rua Sebastiao Afonso 885 - Zip Code: 044417-100- Jardim Miriam S.P Brazil</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">---------------</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Portugués</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Caro colega da China: Este belo caso relata uma apresentação muito interssante das formas adquiridas da síndrome de Brugada (SBr). Tanto a hipocalemia, como a hipocalemia aumentam a corrente transitória de sáida da fase 1, corrente de potássio sensível a adenosina, corrente modificadora de potássio tardia ou diminuem as correnrtes de entrada: corrente de cálcio tipo-L, corrente rápida de Na+ no final da fase 1 do PA pode acentuar ou desmascarar a elevação do segmento ST, semelhante ao encontradpo na SBr, produzindo, então, as formas adquiridas (1).</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Drogas que reduzem as as correntes de Na+ podem precipitar o padrão do ECG tipo 1 da SBr: bloqueadores dos canais de Na+ e despolarizaçãpo da membrana pela hipercalemia.</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Hipocalemia aumenta o risco da fibrilação atrial paroxística na SBr (2).</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Hipercalemia secundária a insuficiência renal crônica pode causar mudanças no ECG que mimetizam a SBr (3). Veja o caso no site</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"><A href="http://www.scd-symposium.org/files/Hyperkalemia.ppt">http://www.scd-symposium.org/files/Hyperkalemia.ppt</A></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">A síndrome de infusão do propofol (SIPR): entidade caracterizada pela associação de acidose metabólica, rabdomiólise, hipercalemia, e MSC após longo prazo, é outra causa relacionada a SBr adquirida (4).</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Finalmente, a hipercalemia induzida pela superdosagem de difenilhidraminaé outra causa de forma adquirida de SBr (5).</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Referências</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">1) Shimizu W. Acquired forms of the Brugada syndrome. J</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Electrocardiol. 2005;38:22-25.</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">2) Notarstefano P, Pratola C, Toselli T, et al. Atrial</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">fibrillation and recurrent ventricular fibrillation during</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">hypokalemia in Brugada syndrome. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol.</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">2005;28:1350-1353.</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">3) Ortega-Carnicer J, Benezet J, Ruiz-Lorenzo F, Alcazar R.</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Transient Brugada-type electrocardiographic abnormalities in renal</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">failure reversed by dialysis. Resuscitation. 2002;55:215-219</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">4) Vernooy K, Delhaas T, Cremer OL,.Electrocardiographic</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">changes predicting sudden death in propofol-related infusion</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">syndrome. Heart Rhythm. 2006;3:131-137</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">5) Lopez-Barbeito B, Lluis M, Delgado V, et al.</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Diphenhydramine overdose and Brugada sign. Pacing Clin</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Electrophysiol. 2005;28:730-732.</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Tudo de bom</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Andrés Ricardo Pérez Riera</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Chefe do Setor de Eletro-Vectocardiologia da Disciplina de Cardiologia, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC (FMABC), Fundação do ABC (FUABC) - Santo André - Sao Paulo - Brasil. Rua Sebastiao Afonso 885 - Zip Code: 044417-100- Jardim Miriam S.P Brazil</FONT></DIV><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"><BR></FONT><BLOCKQUOTE type="cite"></BLOCKQUOTE><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></FONT></DIV><DIV><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"><BR></FONT><DIV> <SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; text-align: auto; -khtml-text-decorations-in-effect: none; text-indent: 0px; -apple-text-size-adjust: auto; text-transform: none; orphans: 2; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; "><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">--</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Dr.</FONT><SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"> </FONT></SPAN><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Sergio</FONT><SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"> </FONT></SPAN><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Dubner</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">President</FONT><SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"> </FONT></SPAN><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">of</FONT><SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"> </FONT></SPAN><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Scientific</FONT><SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"> </FONT></SPAN><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Committee</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; ; font-family: Lucida Grande; font-size: 13px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR style="font-family: Lucida Grande; font-size: 13px; "></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Dr.</FONT><SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"> </FONT></SPAN><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Edgardo</FONT><SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"> </FONT></SPAN><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Schapachnik</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">President</FONT><SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"> </FONT></SPAN><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">of</FONT><SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"> </FONT></SPAN><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Steering</FONT><SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"> </FONT></SPAN><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Committee</FONT></DIV><DIV><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></FONT></DIV><DIV><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></FONT></DIV></SPAN></DIV><DIV><BLOCKQUOTE type="cite"><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"><BR></FONT></DIV> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Español - Portugués</FONT><DIV><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></FONT></DIV><DIV><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Español</FONT></DIV><DIV><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Patrón QRST inusual en el Paciente A con Hipocalemia Severa.</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Un hombre de 31 años fue internado con debilidad muscular en las extremidades, parálisis y disnea. El paciente se sintió cansado durante 12 horas, con secreción nasal, náuseas y un episodio de vómito, pero no tuvo fiebre ni tos. El paciente había sido enviado a una clínica local donde recibió hidratación IV. Su debilidad muscular empeoró y desarrolló parálisis 6 horas antes de la internación. </FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">En el pasado, el paciente gozaba de buena salud en general. No tenía historia de alergia a medicamentos o comida. Negó tener antecedentes de hepatitis o tuberculosis. No tenía historia de haber estado en contacto con veneno industrial y sustancias radioactivas. No tenía historia de cirugía o trauma. </FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Examen físico: T: 36.4°C, P: 66/min, R: 20/min, PA: 130/60 mmHg. El paciente no presentaba distrés agudo. Tenía exoftalmos bilateral. La tiroides presentaba un tamaño mayor al normal, y se sentía un poco sólida, con movilidad normal pero sin soplo de flujo. Los pulmones estaban despejados. El corazón mostraba cierta irregularidad, pero ningún soplo. Los reflejos físicos estaban dentro de los niveles normales, pero la fuerza de los músculos de las extremidades era de cero grado. La tensión muscular disminuyó en los brazos, pero aumentó en las piernas. </FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">El electrocardiograma de urgencia (ECG) mostró arritmia sinusal con una frecuencia de 61/min. Los intervalos P-R, QRS y Q-T midieron 260, 120 y 360 ms respectivamente. El intervalo QU = 670 ms. </FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Hubo patrón rSr’ del complejo QRS en las derivaciones V1 a V3, con r < r’. </FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Hubo supradesnivel descendiente del segmento ST de 0,2 mV con onda T invertida en las derivaciones V1 y V2. La onda T era plana en la derivación V3. Había patrón Rs con onda R alta (3,8 mV) y onda S ancha tardía en la derivación V5. Había ondas U prominentes en todas las derivaciones, sobretodo en las derivaciones precordiales. </FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal GB18030 Bitmap; min-height: 17px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><A href="http://www.scd-symposium.org/files/wang1.pdf"><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">http://www.scd-symposium.org/files/wang1.pdf</FONT></A><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"> </FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal GB18030 Bitmap; min-height: 17px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Diagnóstico ECG: 1) Arritmia sinusal; 2) Bloqueo aurículoventricular Io; 3) Alto voltaje del ventrículo izquierdo; 4) Onda U prominente y prolongación QU que sugiere hipocalemia; 5) Patrón ECG atípico de Brugada. </FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal GB18030 Bitmap; min-height: 17px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">El análisis de sangre de urgencia reveló que K+ era sólo 1,46 mmol/l, lo que mejoró a 4,46 mmol/l con suplemento de potasio en 24 horas. Un ECG de seguimiento demostró: ritmo sinusal normal con una frecuencia de 83/min. Los intervalos P-R, QRS y Q-T midieron 160 ms, 80 y 380 ms respectivamente. Restaba un patrón rSr’ del complejo QRS en las derivaciones V1 y V2, pero r> r’. El último simula onda J, con una amplitud mucho más baja al compararse con el electrocardiograma anterior. Restaba un supradesnivel descendiente del segmento ST en las derivaciones V1 y V2 (0,1 – 0,2 mv) y la inversión de la onda T en la derivación V1. Pero ya no había inversión de onda T en las derivaciones V2 o V3. Se observó onda R vertical en V3 como también en las derivaciones V4 y V5. Hubo patrón qRs en la derivación V5, con onda J prominente. La onda R permaneció alta en V5 (3,9 mV). La onda u ya no estaba presente en ninguna derivación. </FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal GB18030 Bitmap; min-height: 17px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><A href="http://www.scd-symposium.org/files/wang2.pdf"><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">http://www.scd-symposium.org/files/wang2.pdf</FONT></A></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Diagnóstico ECG: 1) Ritmo sinusal normal. 2) Alto voltaje del ventrículo izquierdo; 3) Patrón ECG atípico de Brugada.</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Seguidamente, se descubrió que el paciente tenía T3 y T4 elevados, por lo tanto, el diagnóstico clínico final fue “tirotoxicosis con parálisis periódica”. </FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Preguntas para el experto en ECG, Dr. Perez Riera:</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">1)</FONT><SPAN class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </SPAN><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">¿Ud. considera que este paciente tiene patrón de Brugada o no?</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">2)</FONT><SPAN class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </SPAN><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">¿Cuál es su interpretación del ECG, especialmente considerando el patrón QRST inusual en las derivaciones precordiales derechas?</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Gracias, </FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Hongyu Wang, MD </FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Jiangping Li, MD </FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University </FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">PR. China</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">------------------</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Portugués</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Um padrão não usual de QRST em uma paciente com Hipocalemia Severa.</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Um homem de 31 anos de idade foi admitido com fraqueza muscular das extremidades, paralisia e dispnéia. O paciente se sentiu cansado por 12h, com coriza, náuseas e um episódio de vômito, mas não tinha febre ou tosse. O paciente foi mandado para uma clínica local onde ele recebeu hidratação venosa. A sua fraqueza muscular piorou e ele desenvolveu paralisia 6 horas antes da admissão.</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">No passado, o paciente tinha uma boa saúde geral. Não existia história de alergias a medicações ou alimentos. Ele negou história de hepatite ou tuberculose. Não existiu história de contato venenos industriais ou substâncias radioativas. Não existia história de cirurgia ou trauma.</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Exame físico: T: 36.4°C, P: 66/min,R: 20/min,PA: 130/60 mmHg. O paciente não estava em estresse agudo. Existia exoftalmia bilateral. A tireóide estava aumentada e sentia-se estar algo sólida, com mobilidade normal, mas sem sopros de fluxo. Os pulmões estavam limpos. O coração demonstrava alguma irregularidade, mas sem sopros. Os reflexos estavam dentro da faixa normal, mas a força muscular das extremidades era grau zero. A tensão muscular estava diminuída nos braços, mas aumentada nas pernas.</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">O eletrocardiograma estático (ECG) demonstrou ritmo sinusal com uma freqüência de 61bpm. Os intervalos PR, QRS e QT mediram 260, 120, 360ms, respectivamente. O intervalo QU=670ms.</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Existia um padrão rSr’ no complexo QRS nas derivações V1 a V3, com r< r’. Existiam um segmento ST infradesnivelado 0.2mV com onda T invertida nas derivações V1 e V2. A onda T era achatada na derivação V3. Existia um padrão Rs com onda R ampla (3.8mV) e uma onda S alargada em V5. Existia uma proeminente onda U em todas as derivações, maiores nas derivações precordiais.</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><A href="http://www.scd-symposium.org/files/wang1.pdf"><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">http://www.scd-symposium.org/files/wang1.pdf</FONT></A></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">diagnóstico do ECG: 1) arritmia sinusal; bloqueio atriocentricular do 1 grau; 3) alta voltagem do ventrículo esquerdo; 4) onda U proeminente e prolongamento QU sugerindo hipocalemia; 5) padrão atípico ECG de Brugada.</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Os exames de sangue revelaram K+ foi somente 1.46 mmol/l, o que foi melhorado para 4.46mmol/l</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Com suplemento de potássio por 24 horas. O ECG do seguimento mostrou ritmo sinusal normal com freqüência de 83bpm. Os intervalos PR, QRS e Q-T mediram 160ms, 80 and 380 ms, respectivamente. Permaneceu o padrão rSr’ no complexo QRS nas derivações V1 e V2, mas r > r’. O último mimetizava uma onda J, com uma amplitude muito menor quando comparada ao eletrocardiograma prévio. Permaneceu uma elevação do segmento ST nas derivações V1 e V2 (0.1—0.2mv) e a inversão da onda T na derivação V1. Mas não existia mais inversão da onda T nas derivações V2 ou V3. Uma onda R positiva foi apreciada em V3, assim como, nas derivações V4 e V5. Existia um padrão qRs na derivação V5, com uma onda J proeminente. As ondas R permaneceram altas em V5 (3.9mV). A onda U não estava mais presente em nenhuma derivação.</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><A href="http://www.scd-symposium.org/files/wang2.pdf"><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">http://www.scd-symposium.org/files/wang2.pdf</FONT></A></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">diagnóstico ECG:1) ritmo sinusal normal. 2) alta voltagem do ventrículo esquerdo; 3) ECG com padrão atípico de Brugada.</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Subsequentemente foi encontrado que o paciente apresentava T3 e T4 elevados, portantoo diagnóstico clnico final foi “tireotoxicose com paralisia periódica”.</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Questões para o especialista em ECG Dr. Perez Riera:</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"> 1) Você considera se este paciente tem ou não padrão de Brugada?</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"> 2) Qual é a sua interpretação do ECG, especialmente considerando o padrão QRST não usual nas derivações direitas?</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Lucida Grande; min-height: 16px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Obrigado,</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Hongyu Wang, MD</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Jiangping Li, MD</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial">PR. China</FONT></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial"><BR></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>